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Copper cooking pot on display at the kitchen area of the old monastery of, According to tradition, one of the first gifts that received from was a pair of discs, one in gold and one in silver, which represented the sun and moon respectively, the existence of gold and silver in Mexico was one of the main attractions for the Spanish in the New World, with the conquest of the and subsequent exploration with the aim of finding more of these precious metals. Mining and metal working became a main aspect of the economy of colonial Mexico. Most of the emphasis was on the mining of gold, silver, copper, iron, lead, and tin with much of the metal, especially gold, shipped to Spain. Initially, the working of metals in the new colony was heavily restricted or outright banned for several reasons, including protection of Spanish metal guilds, the fact that the work did not contribute to royal taxes and the fear that the indigenous would make weapons. Torrent Les Simpsons Saison 23 Friendliest. However, these soon became impractical to enforce with the restrictions then only to the making of objects related to indigenous religion, the Spanish introduced new metalworking techniques, especially the promoting of copper work by in Michoacan and various metals by in.
And eventually indigenous craftsmen competed with European ones. Most of Mexican colonial metal work copied that in Spain, which was Gothic in style and later Renaissance, these styles eventually defined the handcraft work of areas such as Oaxaca,,, and. However, after the Conquest, the making of jewelry in Mexico nearly disappeared, with precious metals shipped to Spain. Only after 1551, with the establishment of a Mexican upper class, did this return slowly, at first Spanish craftsmen arrived to work European methods including,, engraving and the incrustation of precious stones. But during the colonial period, these craftsmen never reached the level of their contemporaries in Europe.
Indigenous craftsmen were relegated in this area to producing cheaper jewelry with lesser metals. One exception to the relative lack of precious metal work was that in silver, which became more important over the colonial period after the start of trade with Asia in the 17th century. Mexico’s abundance made silver an important form of currency and silver working guilds gained prestige and power, mostly in the creation of coins, silverware, religious medallions, crosses and liturgical items.
Indigenous silver jewelry often became marked by the use of silver coins as decoration. Trade with the Orient introduced elements to silver pieces such as pearls (later augmented by those found in the ), turtle shell and colored glass from Europe, the last was particularly popular with indigenous communities. One item that was important in the 18th century were cigarette and snuff cases made of both silver and gold, as the habit of using tobacco became very fashionable among the upper classes, the creation of the cases waned in the 19th as lower classes began to use tobacco as well.
Independence to the present [ ]. Display of silver dishes at the Franz Mayer Museum Despite down from its peak in the colonial era, Mexico is still the number one producer of silver in the world. Silver pieces made in Mexico include, jars, platters, necklaces and buttons for outfits. Traditional silver work in Mexico has its origins in the colonial period, as the metal was not particularly prized in the Mesoamerican era. Mexican silver from the colonial era to the present can be found in many museum collections around the world.
There are still artisans which still make silver pieces in the style of the 17th and 18th centuries. However, these kind of work tends to bring more fame than money.
Globalization has affected the design of silver pieces in Mexico as much of it is exported. Most Mexican silver work today is updated designs, a trend that dates from the work of William Spratling in Taxco, making Mexico again a center of export for finished pieces, the tradition continues here, with some schools that teach the trade but most smiths learn through a term of apprenticeship, often as a part of the family business. Taxco has been designated a in part because of its silver work, and it is home to the, which has a collection of this silver work. The number of artisans who can do traditional Mexican silver work is dwindling.
To help preserve the tradition, every two years the Hugo Salinas Price National Silver Prize is awarded to Mexican silversmiths in various categories, it is sponsored by the Fomento Cultural Grupo Salinas, the, the and the. The purpose is to promote the craft in the country both in Mexico and abroad. Antique iron tools and other items at the Iron was not worked in the Mesoamerican period, with its mining and working introduced by the Spanish. Exploration of the metal was initially banned to protect the industry in Spain, but as tools made from the metal were essential for exploration and conquest, the prohibition was soon ignored. Initially the items were purely utilitarian such as tools, locks, horseshoes and tools. Later in the colonial period, iron began to be used in other ways, including decorative elements in churches and mansions such as railings and balconies, the height of traditional Mexican ironworking was in the 17 and 18th centuries. Geometry Dash Cracked Iphone here.
Initially the main iron working centers were Puebla and Oaxaca. Oaxacan iron was exceptionally malleable and light allowing for intricate designs and tools not possible with other types of iron. Most Oaxacan iron objects date from the 17th and 18th centuries and include locks, furniture and scissors, often with intricate designs etched on them.
Traditional votive painting on tin from 1911 In the colonial period, tin was worked for its functional rather than aesthetic value, it was created and sold in standard sheets, which were then cut, folded and joined to make various objects. These sheets also became a traditional base for. Today, tin and other sheet metals, often from industrial waste, is still used to create decorative and functional objects such as castles, churches, masks, airplane models, saints, nativity scenes, contains, mirror frames, chandeliers, lamps, trays and plates.
Another important line is toys, which are painted in bright enamels, especially in Celaya and San Miguel de Allende. Other important centers include Oaxaca,, Mexico City, Puebla, and. Other metals [ ]. Necklace with brass insect decoration at the Museo de Arte Popular, tin and iron are used to create old fashioned lamps, decorative items for the home as well as furniture and sculptures. The creation of brass and objects was introduced by the Spanish. Bronze was mostly used for the casting of church bells, some tools and decorative elements on iron railings, the indigenous adapted it to the use of small bells used in ceremonial dances. Brass was used for many different types of implements, mostly for domestic use.
Miniature figures are made for collectors although originally they are created as toys for children. They typically include soldiers, furniture, boats, machines and more in Romantic styles from the 19th century and before. Celaya makes a wide variety of miniature for doll houses including figures, furniture, and decorations.
Another popular line is toy soldiers. Most pieces are made with molds, some of which date from the 19th century, then painted. The main producer of handcrafted metal eating utensils is the city of Oaxaca, with fine silverware produced in Taxco. Other areas that make this are in,,, and in Guerrero, especially blades such as utility knives and. References [ ].
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